# JoeyLib cross-port performance (UBER benchmark) Regenerated 2026-07-05 (PERF-AUDIT-PLAN.md Phase 8, #25b) from same-day captures of all four ports. This supersedes the 2026-07-04 Phase 0 baseline; every phase of the audit fix plan (0-8) has landed, so these are the numbers the library actually ships with. **2026-07-06 update:** the IIgs sprite column is now COMPILED. Finding #77 (the loader/segment-BSS + malloc-heap reservation that forced the codegen arena into the app's own BSS) was fixed toolchain-side and JOEY_IIGS_SPRITE_CODEGEN was re-enabled; the four IIgs sprite rows were re-captured (bench-iigs.sh) and jumped 5-25x (SaveUnder 104->543, Draw 48->907, RestoreUnder 110->568, SaveAndDraw 15->376 ops/sec), bit-identical to the interpreter goldens (diff-uber-hashes 45/45). The ST and DOS columns are unchanged from the 2026-07-05 capture. Also 2026-07-06: the Amiga `jlpFillRect` partial-width path was moved onto the blitter (BLTAFWM/BLTALWM hardware edge masks + masked minterm), which lifted `jlFillRect 16x16` 567->1153, `80x80` 71->269 (both from below-floor to well above it), and -- because they build on fillRect -- `jlDrawLine V` 144->269 and `jlDrawRect 100x100` 122->203, all hash-identical (Amiga 45/45). The one remaining Amiga below-floor cell is `jlFillCircle r=40` (74%); a whole-circle asm routine was tried and did NOT help (per-span dispatch is not the cost -- the 8-way-symmetry overlap fill dominates), so it stays on the C span walker for now. **2026-07-06, NATIVE-PERF Phase 0:** four WORKLOAD rows were added (see NATIVE-PERF-PLAN.md) and the goldens refrozen at **49 lines** after a clean regression gate (45 match + exactly 4 extras per port) and full 4-port cross-identity. The new rows measure what games actually do, and they expose the real problem the per-op rows hid: `jlSpriteDraw unaligned` runs at **5% (ST) / 9% (Amiga)** of the IIgs floor -- a 15x/12x cliff vs the aligned row, because only x%8==0 draws are compiled on the 68k ports (see the plan's code-truth table). The `gameFrame composite` row is the bottom line: **ST 9 / Amiga 18 / IIgs 10 / DOS 18 frames/sec** for a modest game frame. Bonus finding: cross-identity of the sweep16 row validated the ST/Amiga shifted c2p walkers as pixel-perfect at all 14 previously-untested x phases. (Re-capture note: IIgs input/audio rows wobbled vs the prior MAME run -- e.g. jlAudioFrameTick 50223 -> 27612 -- run-to-run MAME variance on cheap ops; hashes are unaffected and those rows gate nothing.) **2026-07-06, NATIVE-PERF Phase 1 (draw side) LANDED:** all-shift compiled sprite DRAW on both 68k ports. Amiga emits pre-shifted JIT variants for all 8 bit phases; the ST emits per-phase thunk + data tables driven by a shared masked-movem walker (spriteWalk.s) for all 16 intra-group phases, with the dispatcher's ST shift contract changed to x & 15. jlSpriteCompile is now plan-based: it measures every (shift, op) variant, greedily fits them under the uint16 offset cap (draws first, save/restore as atomic pairs), and degrades to the byte-aligned phases when the arena is too small instead of losing the sprite. RESULT -- the alignment cliff is CLOSED: `jlSpriteDraw unaligned` ST 40 -> 500 ops/sec (12.5x), Amiga 75 -> 803 (10.7x); sweep16 ST 2 -> 32 sweeps/sec (512 draws/sec), Amiga 5 -> 50 (800 draws/sec). Unaligned now performs like aligned on both ports (ST 82% / Amiga 84% of their aligned rows), and every one of the 49 golden hashes still matches -- the compiled paths are bit-identical to the interpreted walkers they replace, on all four ports. (Found along the way: the Amiga bench task stack was ~4 KB -- one deep call chain from overflow -- now 32 KB in bench-amiga.sh; the emitters' accumulators are file statics.) **Phase 1 step 5 (save/restore) ALSO LANDED, completing Phase 1:** compiled save/restore on both 68k ports operate on the 16-px-group window (two width classes per sprite, like the IIgs MVN pair), the backup format is a pure function of the recorded geometry (identical for compiled and interpreted producers/consumers -- the ST HAL gained a raw-span interpreted branch, switched atomically with restore), and the gates route by SPRITE_SAVE_CLASS / SPRITE_RESTORE_CLASS with an odd- buffer-pointer demotion (68000 word ops need even addresses). The combined jlSpriteSaveAndDraw path now fires on 68k at EVERY x for the first time. RESULTS (floor-relative): Amiga SaveUnder 104% -> 276%, RestoreUnder 98% -> 236%, SaveAndDraw 94% -> 160%; ST SaveUnder 158% -> 203%, RestoreUnder 122% -> 163%, SaveAndDraw 87% -> 107%; Amiga gameFrame 18 -> 23 fps. Backup capacity contract: JOEY_SPRITE_BACKUP_BYTES in sprite.h (window worst case; all in-repo examples migrated + 2-aligned). DEFAULT_CODEGEN_BYTES is 64 KB on Amiga/ST (full variant sets). All 49 golden hashes held throughout. **2026-07-07, THE ST COLUMN DOUBLED -- idle-audio ISR tax found and fixed:** every previous ST capture ran with ~49.5% of the CPU silently consumed by the 12.3 kHz Timer-A PWM ISR that jlpAudioInit started unconditionally -- it streamed buffer silence to the YM even with nothing playing, and UBER inits audio before its timed run. Found by a calibrated probe (known-cycle dbra spin + per-layer direct-call rows under the bench Hatari config): every probe row slowed by exactly 1.98x once audio was initialized, and the probe's un-taxed tilePaste cycles/call matched the instruction-count model that UBER's number mysteriously doubled. Fix: src/atarist/audio.c Timer A is now demand-driven -- installed on the first PlayMod/PlaySfx, parked again once the mix buffer drains back to silence with nothing live (drain-to-silence handshake in jlpAudioFrameTick; StopMod parks immediately when no SFX is riding the pump). Probe-verified: idle rows match the never-initialized rows exactly, the tax correctly returns while an SFX drains, and it vanishes after the drain. Full ST re-bench: 49/49 hashes bit-identical (pixels untouched) and EVERY row ~2x: gameFrame 9 -> 19 fps, tilePaste 1,574 -> 3,203/s, sprite draw 607 -> 1,188/s, unaligned draw 508 -> 992/s. The other three ports were audited for the same bug class and are clean: Amiga ~1.8% idle tax (PTPlayer rides Paula DMA), DOS ~0.5% (SB auto-init DMA, ~11 Hz half-buffer IRQ), IIgs 0% (no handler installed until PlayMod). ALL pre-2026-07-07 ST comparisons -- including the Phase-0 ceiling gaps and the Phase-1 relative results -- understated the ST by ~2x. Correctness statement backing this table: all four ports produce BYTE-IDENTICAL pixels on every measured op and every correctness check -- **49/49** surface hashes match the frozen goldens in tests/goldens/uber/ (37 timed ops + 12 hashed checks; the PASS/FAIL checks -- palette round-trip, PRNG golden sequence, sprite clip round-trip, arena churn, sprite-from-surface -- pass everywhere). The Phase 0-era divergences (#75 tilePasteMono three-way, #78 ST fillCircle/tileFill, #87 IIgs circle outline) are all fixed. ## Measurement honesty (read before trusting any number) Four measurement artifacts have shaped this table's history. Three are fixed, one is inherent -- know them before comparing rows: 1. **Per-iteration poll tax -- FIXED (Phase 0).** The pre-audit bench loop called jlFrameCount() between every op; on the IIgs that was a GetTick toolbox chain (~600-800 cycles), so every small-op number carried the harness cost, not the op cost. Ops now run in adaptive batches per poll. Small-op numbers jumped 2-10x on every port when this landed; never compare against pre-Phase-0 captures. 2. **SEI tick loss -- INHERENT on IIgs, rows tagged below.** The benchmark clock is jlFrameCount = the VBL-interrupt-driven GetTick. An op that holds SEI while it runs suppresses those interrupts, the clock loses ticks, and the op over-reports. The three SEI-holding rows -- `jlSurfaceClear`, `jlFillRect 320x200`, and `jlStagePresent full` -- are CLOCK-UNRELIABLE in the IIgs column. The physics check: a full-screen op moves 32000 bytes at ~6 cyc/word, so ~29 ops/sec is the hard ceiling at 2.8 MHz. The present row's 68 and the clear row's 35 sit above it -- inflated; the honest values are at or below the ceiling. 3. **ST frame-rate miscalibration -- FOUND and FIXED 2026-07-06; the ST column below is the corrected (millis-clock) capture.** Before the fix, ops/sec was `iters * jlFrameHz() / actualFrames` and the ST's `jlpFrameHz()` hardcoded 50 -- but Hatari runs the emulated ST at ~60 Hz VBL, so every ST number was scaled by 50/60 ~= 0.83 (~17% pessimistic). Caught by cross-checking against UBER's independent Timer-C 200 Hz millis clock (refresh-independent), which ran ~16-22% faster; the Amiga's two clocks agreed exactly (FS-UAE = PAL 50 Hz), confirming it was ST-only. Two fixes landed: (a) UBER now computes ops/sec from `jlMillisElapsed` (refresh-independent on all four ports; identical to the old formula on IIgs where millis is GetTick-derived), and (b) ST `jlpFrameHz()` now reads the shifter resolution + sync-mode registers to return the true 50/60/71 Hz. The per-op `UBER-CLK:` log line reports frame-vs-millis as a standing cross-check (they now agree). ST cells rose ~17% (e.g. jlSpriteDraw 503->585, jlFillRect 80x80 97->115); DOS/IIgs/Amiga unchanged. 4. **ST idle-audio ISR tax -- FOUND and FIXED 2026-07-07; the ST column below is the post-fix capture.** jlpAudioInit started the 12.3 kHz Timer-A PWM ISR at init and left it running forever, even silent (~320 cycles/tick = ~49.5% of the CPU), and UBER inits audio before timing anything. Every ST capture before 2026-07-07 is ~2x pessimistic. Timer A is demand-driven now (runs only while a mod or SFX is audible), so the benches measure the op and an idle game gets the whole CPU. Amiga/DOS/IIgs audited clean for the same bug class (~1.8% / ~0.5% / 0% idle cost). ## Baseline (2026-07-07): absolute ops/sec per port The IIgs is the reference and the perf floor (every other port must meet or beat it -- project directive). Non-IIgs cells show absolute ops/sec plus percentage of the IIgs number; sub-100% cells are bolded as below-floor. `tools/uber-perf-table` emits this table directly; regenerate after any re-capture (Amiga needs TIMEOUT=600 -- the default cuts off the final checks). Capture provenance: ST 2026-07-07 (post-audio-fix); IIgs/Amiga/DOS 2026-07-06 (recovery-gate rerun, unaffected by the ST fix). | Op | IIgs (ops/sec) | Amiga (ops/sec, % of IIGS) | Atari ST (ops/sec, % of IIGS) | DOS (ops/sec, % of IIGS) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | jlSurfaceClear | 33 | 75 (227%) | 89 (270%) | 67 (203%) | | jlPaletteSet | 1561 | 11453 (734%) | 10255 (657%) | 29828 (1911%) | | jlScbSetRange | 163 | 4003 (2456%) | 4744 (2910%) | 8491 (5209%) | | jlDrawPixel | 3179 | 5853 (184%) | 6645 (209%) | 23689 (745%) | | jlDrawLine H | 1142 | 1703 (149%) | 2660 (233%) | 5708 (500%) | | jlDrawLine V | 99 | 269 (272%) | 265 (268%) | 456 (461%) | | jlDrawLine diag | 42 | **40 (95%)** | 86 (205%) | 108 (257%) | | jlDrawRect 100x100 | 89 | 203 (228%) | 216 (243%) | 378 (425%) | | jlDrawCircle r=16 | 303 | **285 (94%)** | 359 (118%) | 461 (152%) | | jlDrawCircle r=80 | 70 | **61 (87%)** | 83 (119%) | 98 (140%) | | jlFillRect 16x16 | 605 | 1153 (191%) | 1211 (200%) | 3017 (499%) | | jlFillRect 80x80 | 110 | 269 (245%) | 236 (215%) | 412 (375%) | | jlFillRect 320x200 | 21 | 66 (314%) | 78 (371%) | 59 (281%) | | jlFillCircle r=40 | 42 | **31 (74%)** | 155 (369%) | 156 (371%) | | jlSamplePixel | 4815 | 7253 (151%) | 9603 (199%) | 46266 (961%) | | jlTileFill | 1981 | 2253 (114%) | 3144 (159%) | 9301 (470%) | | jlTileCopy | 1441 | 1853 (129%) | 2720 (189%) | 8764 (608%) | | jlTileCopyMasked | 623 | 953 (153%) | 1366 (219%) | 3147 (505%) | | jlTilePaste | 1741 | 2253 (129%) | 3203 (184%) | 9834 (565%) | | jlTileSnap | 2520 | 3503 (139%) | 5751 (228%) | 19290 (765%) | | jlSpriteSaveUnder | 545 | 1503 (276%) | 2196 (403%) | 9248 (1697%) | | jlSpriteDraw | 902 | 953 (106%) | 1188 (132%) | 6234 (691%) | | jlSpriteRestoreUnder | 510 | 1203 (236%) | 1662 (326%) | 5925 (1162%) | | jlSpriteSaveAndDraw | 376 | 603 (160%) | 803 (214%) | 4271 (1136%) | | jlStagePresent full | 67 | 359 (536%) | 125 (187%) | 360 (537%) | | jlInputPoll | 228 | 4003 (1756%) | 2788 (1223%) | 3148 (1381%) | | jlKeyDown | 10191 | 39303 (386%) | 45286 (444%) | 77548 (761%) | | jlKeyPressed | 11389 | 38053 (334%) | 45286 (398%) | 75092 (659%) | | jlMouseX | 20214 | 96703 (478%) | 117981 (584%) | 155372 (769%) | | joeyJoyConnected | 10191 | 39303 (386%) | 43440 (426%) | 77548 (761%) | | jlAudioFrameTick | 27509 | 55853 (203%) | 40637 (148%) | **11527 (42%)** | | jlAudioIsPlayingMod | 17627 | 56453 (320%) | 60441 (343%) | 127708 (725%) | | surfaceMarkDirtyRect (via jlFillRect 32x32) | 323 | 853 (264%) | 774 (240%) | 1472 (456%) | | jlSpriteDraw unaligned | 845 | **803 (95%)** | 992 (117%) | 5118 (606%) | | jlSpriteDraw sweep16 | 56 | **50 (89%)** | 64 (114%) | 363 (648%) | | jlTilePaste map 10x5 | 35 | 46 (131%) | 62 (177%) | 200 (571%) | | gameFrame composite | 10 | 23 (230%) | 19 (190%) | 18 (180%) | > **IIgs full-screen ceiling (~29 ops/sec).** A full-screen op moves > 32000 bytes = 16000 word-stores x 6 cyc (STA long,X / PEI, both > 3 cyc/byte) / 2.8 MHz ~= 34 ms ~= 29 ops/sec maximum. So > `jlSurfaceClear`, `jlFillRect 320x200`, and `jlStagePresent full` > cannot legitimately exceed ~29; a higher reading means the benchmark > clock was perturbed. The clock is `jlFrameCount` = the VBL-interrupt- > driven GetTick, so an op that holds `SEI` while it runs can over- > report its ops/sec. Treat full-screen IIgs numbers above ~29 as > inflated and cross-check against the cycle model. ## Reading notes * **Sprite rows measure COMPILED code on all four ports** since NATIVE-PERF Phase 1 (2026-07-06): the 68k ports JIT all-shift draw variants plus group-window save/restore (previously stubs that fell to interpreters), IIgs codegen re-enabled via finding #77, DOS via finding #74. The interpreted walkers remain only as arena-full degrade paths -- and are proven bit-identical to the compiled code by the 49-hash gate. * **The below-floor cells are the standing punch list**, and after the 2026-07-07 audio-tax fix the ST has NONE -- every remaining below-floor graphics cell is the Amiga's: the circle family (diag line 95%, circle r=16 94%, r=80 87%, fillCircle 74% -- planar 4-plane RMW tax) and the two sprite workload rows a hair under floor (unaligned 95%, sweep16 89%; chip-RAM display-DMA contention that the fast-RAM-code ST does not pay). DOS jlAudioFrameTick (42%) is the SB half-buffer silence refill on an otherwise-trivial call -- it gates nothing. Floor parity is effectively DONE; the open work is ceiling-relative (NATIVE-PERF-PLAN.md Phase 2+), where every port still runs 2-5x below hand-coded technique on tile/sprite glue. Amiga jlFillCircle r=40 (74%) was probed 2026-07-06 with a full whole-circle asm routine (Bresenham + inline 4-plane long-fill span): it held 45/45 hashes but did NOT move the number (34 vs 31, within the coarse 11-iter sample), so the per-span C dispatch is NOT the bottleneck -- the asm was reverted. The real cost is the midpoint fill's 8-way symmetry filling each row 2-4x (idempotent overlap): the true lever is a scanline rewrite (one span per row, no overlap), which would roughly halve the byte writes and stay hash-identical. NB: this op is timed at batch=1 (~29 ms each) by the 50 Hz frame counter, a coarse measurement. (The old note here blaming a "4-5x model-vs-measured gap" partly on measurement was vindicated 2026-07-07: on the ST that gap was the idle-audio tax, artifact #4.) * **jlRandom has no timed row.** Phase 8 (#43) rewrote its xorshift32 update in 16-bit halves on the IIgs only (~2-3x fewer cycles per call on the 65816; 32-bit shifts there are per-bit helper loops). Output is bit-identical -- host-proven over the golden sequence and a 50M-state sweep, and gated by UBER's random-golden check on all four ports. * **Input predicates stay functions** (Phase 8 #40 decision): the post-clock-fix numbers (12K-77K ops/sec) put call overhead nowhere near a real frame budget; macro forms in the public header were rejected as not worth the API exposure. * **IIgs libc memset/memcpy remain ~4x slow** (finding #79, toolchain-owned): llvm-mos runtime byte loops vs ORCA's MVN. The jlScbSetRange and jlPaletteSet IIgs rows carry that tax; library-side mitigations landed (#16 unrolled word copy, #21), the libc fix is flagged to the llvm816 session. ## History Pre-2026-07-04 tables (ORCA-era IIgs column, artifact-inflated DOS numbers, un-batched loops) live in git history only -- every conclusion drawn from them was re-derived from Phase 0 onward. The Phase 0 baseline (2026-07-04) and per-phase deltas are recorded in PERF-AUDIT-PLAN.md's progress tracker; headline gains since Phase 0: IIgs interpreted spriteDraw 18 -> 48 ops/sec (Phase 4), IIgs tilePasteMono asm 3.35x (Phase 7 #3), ST flood plane hooks 5.6x (Phase 7 #4), DOS paletteSet +92% / tileSnap +42% (Phases 2/5), DOS compiled sprites 284 -> ~6100 ops/sec (#74).